A. Churchill in this response uses strong pathos to appeal to the listener's fear of Germany. He uses strong emotional words like "crafty" "treacheries" "dirty tricks" to show that the Germans are dangerous and to make the listener even more afraid than they were before. He uses this in order to get the listeners to fully support the English efforts.
Noun clauses are dependent clauses acting as nouns. They begin with words such as <em>how</em>, <em>that</em>, <em>what</em>, <em>who</em>, <em>whoever</em>, <em>whom</em>, <em>where</em>, <em>when</em>, whether, <em>which</em>, <em>whichever</em> and why. What is more, they can act as subjects, direct objects, indirect objects, predicative nominatives or as objects of prepositions.
Taking all this into account, the noun clauses found in the sentences presented are the following ones: "whatever you do" and "what she should major in at college". In both cases, the noun clauses in question are actings as the subjects of the sentences.
The answer is 4 to this question
Cathy just bought a hang glider. Which of these could have been an internal factor that influenced Cathy's decision?
A. Cathy just loves the way hang gliders float through the air.
B. Everyone else who lives on Cathy's block has a hang glider.
C. Cathy recently read an article in a magazine about hang gliders.
D. Cathy just saw a movie in which the star flew with a hang glider
Internal factors are things such as needs, motives, and perceptions, while external factors include things such as family, friends, or social media. Options B, C, and D are external factors because the decision to buy would be based on the people on her block, a magazine article, or a movie. Only option A is based on Cathy's own perception.