Answer:
1. Art was commissioned by the church and focused solely on religion.
4. Art was commissioned by patrons and focused on their wealth and power
2. Art was approved by royal academies and followed pre-established standards.
3. Art was displayed in galleries and was geared toward a variety of artistic tastes.
Explanation:
These statements describe the changes in Art and Art Market in Western since the Renaissance. The artistic figure wasn’t determined until the Renaissance when artistic expressions were elevated to scientific production. In the Early Middle Ages, the artistic role wasn’t defined, as the guilds – a group of craftsmen – were responsible for the artworks.
They were led by the Masters, who taught and supervised the pupils. It was a teaching and production chain. The last Guilds Masters were the ones who took chance, and through experimentation, created the first attempts to what we would call Renaissance.
The Italian Renaissance was the revival of the Greco-Roman visual culture. Those Renaissantists Artists were patronized by the Church, who started to commission artworks for personal and religious porpuses.
While the Mercantilism gave monetary power to Bourgeoisie, countries that fostered the Reformist Churches as their national religion promoted the rise of non-religious or noble patrons, spreading artistic movements throughout Europe. Soon, the demand for new artists was needed and the first Academies were founded.
The first Academy of Western Art History was the French, founded in 1648. It established the standards that were adopted by other Art Academies in the world. The first Salon of Arts was settled by the French Academy, and that model of exhibition would be followed until the first modern exhibitions at the beginning of the XX century.
