Cooling because of air expansion is called adiabatic cooling.
<u>Explanation:</u>
The air that is closer to the land or the oceanic surface is usually warmer. It is because the heat trapped by the surface is carried by this air that is close to the surface.
When the air expands, it tends to move vertically upwards and lose heat to the surrounding atmosphere.
When the air moves vertically upwards, it goes away from the surface and loses its supply of warmth and thus becomes cooler.
Adiabatic lapse rate refers to the rate at which the air expansion cools. For the dry air it has the value of 9.8 degrees per kilometer. When the air that is saturated starts rising and cools, the process of condensation of water vapor begins, releasing latent heat in the process.
