Answer:
The third option is the correct answer.
Explanation:
As you may already know, a cladogram is a diagram capable of representing the evolution of living beings, through their ancestry and genetic similarities.
In a cladogram, the main line is the root and represents the common ancestor among all living beings that will be added throughout the cladogram. The adjacent lines, the main line are the branches and represent the groups of living beings represented. Each point between the lines, are the nodes and represent cladogenetic events.
As you can see in the cladogram shown in the question above, species C and D come from the same branch, which means that these species are more genetically close and that they have many similarities in their genomes. However, species B and C or D and E, despite having the same ancestor in common, come from different branches, which means that they are less genetically similar.
Answer:
Hypertonic blood draws water out of the interstitial fluid, which makes the interstitial fluid hypertonic. This, in turn, draws water out of the cells.
Basically an hype tonic blood has high solute potential,( low water potential) compare with the surrounding plasma and the interstitial fluid. Thus the interstitial fluid is hypotonic to the blood.
Consequently,water with higher potential moves from the interstitial fluid medium into the blood by osmosis through the capillary endothelial. This raises the water potential of the blood, lowering the solute potential, thus making it hypotonic to the interstitial fluid; which is now hypertonic(lower water potential ,due to loss to the blood by osmosis).
Since the interstitial fluids is now hyper tonic to the surrounding cells, water moves from the hypo tonic surrounding cells through osmosis into the interstitial fluids. The sequence continues until a stable internal environment is achieved,
Answer:
Hydrogen Bonds
Explanation:
In the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) the temperature rises to 90 ° C - 95 ° C, to break the hydrogen bonds, which are the types of bonds responsible for pairing the two strands of DNA, this process is known as denaturation of DNA.
The DNA is extremely stable, due to a large number of bonds (hydrogen bonds) that form between the two strands. If the temperature decreases, these bonds will begin to recompose, until the DNA returns to its original state
