Utilitarianism is an ethical theory in philosophy, also known as the ethics that define <em>the morality of actions</em>, it was developed by an English philosopher named Jeremy Bentham, and promoted by many other philosophers like John Stuart Mill.
The theory states that the best action is the one making the most overall happiness, or "<em>utility</em>", in reference to usefulness.
Among other statements framing those principals we have,
"<em>The greatest good for the greatest number</em>"
This "greatest happiness principle" states that moral actions are those that maximize utility, or happiness, for the greatest number of people.
Therefore, actions resulting in the greatest pleasure for the utility of society are the best actions.
And here we have the basic principles of utilitarianism:
- Pleasure or Happiness are the only things with Intrinsic value.
- Actions are right if they promote Happiness, and wrong if they produce unhappiness.
- Everyone's Happiness counts equally.
Thereby, the ethical principle that states that remark is:
<h3>"
the collective utilitarian principle"
(b)</h3>
Answer:
Successful resolution of a psycho-social crisis at each stage depends upon having more positive than negative experiences in the area of major concern.
Explanation:
Erikson's developmental theory: Erikson (1902-1994), took Freud's psychosexual theory and altered it into eight-stages of psycho-social theory. He was a psychoanalyst and studied human development.
Erikson argued that personality develops through different stages.
1. trust vs. mistrust
2. autonomy vs. shame/doubt
3. initiative vs. guilt
4. industry vs. inferiority
5. identity vs. role confusion
6. intimacy vs. isolation
7. generativity vs. stagnation
8. integrity vs. despair.
I believe that she didn't do the right thing in "agreeing with her mouth." If you agree with only your mouth, but not your heart, you only leave room for more manipulation.
Janie agreed to keep the peace
.
<u>Explanation</u>:
The only person you are going to be distant from is yourself. You are your own enemy. Your heart is truly you, and you are truly your heart. If you can't stay true to yourself, your heart only aches. Janie agreed to keep the peace.
She felt like she was restricted both physically and mentally. To stay away from worries and depression, Janie agreed with her mouth and kept peace.
Answer:
Among the factors mentioned, there is one that does NOT influence the process of impression formation:
1. social identity
Explanation:
Social schemas, stereotyping, personal disclosure and self-fulfilling prophecies are all factors that influence impression formation<u>. Impression formation is the process through which we form an impression concerning another individual by putting together pieces of knowledge and past impressions.</u> Such an impression is not necessarily permanent, since it can keep on changing as new information is learned. <u>Social identity is not a factor that influences impression formation. Social identity can be defined as our view of ourselves when we belong to a group. In other words, belonging to a group can be a source of self-esteem and pride to us. As we can see, this is related to one's own self, not directed to others.</u>
