Explanation:
A mutation is made once in every <u>10 billion</u> nucleotides copied.
During the process of cell division, spontaneous changes within the genome can arise. These mutations are errors occur when copies of the DNA within the cell are made; mutations may range from small changes called single nucleotide polymorphisms, to large scale deletions, and additions which span multiple genes.
Further Explanation:
During reproduction other events, such as crossing over during mitosis and meiosis, mutations lead to increases in genetic variation. This variation refers to the genetic characteristics present within a species. Mutations may be either beneficial or deleterious; they are maintained within cells, as they form new traits called alleles. Beneficial mutations may confer traits that increase the fitness of a species, along with ensuring survival by conferring a protective advantage- these phenotypic differences between organisms are called adaptations.
Sequences of DNA make up genes which can have different forms called alleles. DNA, which makes up the genotype, is transcribed into mRNA and later translated into amino acids which are linked together by rRNA to form proteins which make up the phenotype of an organism. Mutations in DNA sequences affect the corresponding mRNA and thus the protein encoded.
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<span>the correct answer is B. the information that decides the characteristics of all organisms are contained in their nucleic acids. Nucleics acids are DNA and RNA. DNA have genes that code for proteins which are responsible for the structural and functional characteristics of organisms. DNA is transcribed into RNA and RNA is translated to proteins. Therefore information that is in these nucleic acids determines all the characteristics of organisms</span>
Due to their structure and function they are differ from each other
The three main features of a prokaryotic
cell
We have its insides:
<span><span>1.
</span>Cytoplasm. Cytoplasm
is where its organelles are suspended.</span>
<span><span>2.
</span>Ribosomes. These
ribosomes facilitate in manufacturing the cell’s proteins used in many cellular
activities.</span>
<span><span>3.
</span>Plasmid. It
is a tiny DNA molecule.</span>
<span><span>4.
</span>Nucleoid. The
genophore of a prokaryotic cell where its genetical material are found.</span>
Externally prokaryotic cells
have:
<span><span>1.
</span>Capsules.</span>
<span><span>2.
</span>Flagellum. A
tail</span>
<span><span>3.
</span>Pili. A hair-like
structure on its surface.</span>
Answer:
Explanation:The cells that make up the xylem are adapted to their function: They lose their end walls so the xylem forms a continuous, hollow tube. They become strengthened by a substance called lignin . Lignin gives strength and support to the plant.
