Answer:
(A) At high latitudes, Sun never rises on December solstice - (3) True for Northern Hemisphere
(B) Sun reaches zenith (altitude 90 degrees) every day at noon - (2) Not true anywhere on Earth
(C) At high latitudes, Sun never sets on December solstice - (4) True for Southern Hemisphere
(D) Sun traces shortest path across local on June solstice - (4) True for Southern Hemisphere
(E) Sun rises due east and sets due west - (1) True everywhere on Earth
(F) Sun is above horizon for the longest on March equinox sky time on December solstice - (2) Not true anywhere on Earth
(G) Sun reaches highest point in local sky on June solstice - (3) True for Northern Hemisphere
Explanation:
The position of the sun on the sky varies across the globe. The variations occur in different parts of the year. The main reason for the variations of the positions of the sun on the sky is the shape of Earth, as well as its tilting.
The equator and the low latitudes in close proximity to it have small variations. This is because this part of the globe is always exposed to the sun, no matter the tilting, so it is only few degrees change throughout the year, which is why this part of Earth is the warmest.
The Northern Hemisphere has the sun highest on the sky on the June solstice, and lowest on the December solstice. This is because the Northern Hemisphere is tilted toward the sun during the summer (June to September), while it is tilted away during the winter (December to March).
The Southern Hemisphere has it the opposite from the Northern Hemisphere. It has the sun highest on the sky during the December solstice, and lowest during the June solstice, as this half of Earth is tilted toward the sun from December to March, and tilted away from June to September.
