Answer:
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
Explanation:
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a method by which a target DNA fragment is amplified to produce millions of copies. In PCR, the Taq polymerase enzyme uses nucleotides and primers to replicate a small DNA segment <em>in vitro</em> and produces two DNA molecules. The newly formed DNA molecules are denatured by heating to facilitate their replication to produce four double-stranded DNA molecules. In this way, the number of DNA molecules is doubled in each cycle. Therefore, the small amount of DNA obtained from the minuscule spot of blood on a murder suspect’s shirt can be amplified using PCR.
Answer:
Explanation:
In a lake, oxygenic phototrophs produce new organic material as well as O₂. If primary production rates are very high, the resultant excessive organic matter production can lead to bottom-water O₂ depletion from respiration and the development of anoxic conditions. This in turn stimulates anaerobic metabolisms, including anaerobic respirations and fermentations.
Organic matter that is not consumed in surface layers sinks to the depths and is decomposed by anaerobes.
The body temperature of the mammal will be higher than that of the reptile. this is because the mammal body temperature does not depend on its environmental temperature while a reptile does not have a stable body temperature and depend on the temperature of its environment.
The appropriate response is carbon dioxide. Since carbon dioxide responds with water to shape carbonic corrosive, an expansion in CO2 brings about an abatement in blood pH, bringing about hemoglobin proteins discharging their heap of oxygen.
An excess of carbon dioxide in your blood can hurt your body's organs. Both of these issues—a low oxygen level and a high carbon dioxide level in the blood—can happen in the meantime. Maladies and conditions that influence your breathing can cause respiratory disappointment.
The answer is; concentration of oxygen and/or total atmospheric pressure is lower at high altitudes
This means that at high altitude, due to the low pressure, every breath has a lower oxygen content than at a lower altitude. This, therefore, necessitates the body to increase the erythrocyte numbers in the blood to maximize the uptake of oxygen from the thinner air.