The correct answer is C) Spain and Portugal colonized Latin American nations during the 15th and 16th centuries.
At the arrival of the Iberian conqueror, Latin America was not empty. In 1500 the indigenous population was more than 100 million (by 1810 this had diminished to 10 million "by means of civilization") and its level of development was greatly varied: some were living as tribal people; others, as the “Quechuas”, the “Aymaras”, the “Mayas” or the “Aztecas” had constituted high civilizations. During the colonial period, the domination was centered around the Spanish or Portuguese metropolis, coexisting with the local, almost absolute power, of the agent or the landowner. The encounters of the Spanish and Portuguese with the indigenous peoples of Central and South America in the early sixteenth century were to establish a pattern of conquest and subjugation which would persist throughout the colonial period.
The contemporary commentator who wrote that, by the early sixteenth century, Venice was a city “so full of books that it was hardly possible to walk down a street without armfuls thrust upon you, like cats in a bag, for two or three coppers each” unwittingly provided an evocative opening to any description of the culture of Venetian print.i As well as concern for the increasing vulgarization of intellectual life, his words underline the sheer quantity of printed material available for purchase in one of the most important centers for the production and sale of books in the Renaissance. As the city made the transfer from a manuscript culture enjoyed by the very few, to a culture of printing accessible to many, the voices of outspoken critics like Filippo de Strata gradually quieted.ii
Answer:
Copernicus heliocentric theory and Mercator's grid.
Explanation:
Copernicus heliocentric theory
is astronomical model developed by Nicolaus Copernicus what it shows is a model positioned the Sun near the center of the Universe, motionless, with Earth and the other planets orbiting around it in circular paths.
Mercator's grid
a cylindrical map projection presented by Flemish geographer and ... The condition that a sailing course of constant azimuth α on the globe is mapped into a constant grid bearing β on the map
In 1986 Supreme Court upheld the segregation through the constitution under the doctrine of "separate but equal" which stemmed in the case of Plessy v. Ferguson. Homer Plessy, who was an African American train passenger refused to sit with Jim Crow and was brought to Judge John H. Ferguson.
