Because the central powers were winning the war.
Hiladelphia of <span>these emerged as a major port city by end of the seventeenth century as a result of the colonial shipping industry</span>
This would be B the answer
The Ottoman sultans’ fascination with European art, which had so strongly influenced the arts of the eighteenth century, played an equally important role in the nineteenth. Just as they attempted to solve the empire’s problems with the adoption of European systems of law, military, and even dress, so European-style art seemed the most appropriate form of expression for what the country perceived as its own modern and cosmopolitan culture.
I think it's D. Hindu- Arabic Numerals
