Question

Write a program that uses nested loops to collect data and calculate the average rainfall over a period of years. The program should first ask for the number of years. The outer loop will iterate once for each year. The inner loop will iterate twelve times, once for each month. Each iteration of the inner loop will ask the user for the inches of rainfall for that month. After all the iterations, the program should display the number of months, the total inches of rainfall, and the average rainfall per month for the entire period.

Answer 1

Answer:

Here is the Python program:

#prompts user to enter no of years

years = int(input('Enter the number of years: '))  

months = 12  # stores no of months in a year i.e. 12

sum = 0   # stores the total inches of rainfall

if years < 1: #if input year value is less than 1

    print("Invalid year")        #displays invalid year message

else:  #if input year value is greater than greater than 0

   for year in range(years):  #iterates once for every year

       print('For year: ', year + 1,' ')  #prints For year for each input year

       for month in range(months):   # iterates for each month 12 times

           print('Enter the inches of rainfall for month ', month + 1,' ')

#asks user for inches of rainfall for each of 12 months

           rainfall = int(input())  # takes value of rainfall inches for each month

           sum = sum + rainfall  # stores total rainfall inches

           

   total_months = years * months  #stores number of months

   average_rainfall = sum / total_months  #store average rainfall per month

       

print('Total inches of rainfall: ', sum) # prints total rainfall inches

print('Number of months: ', total_months)  #print total months

print('Average rainfall per month: ', format(average_rainfall, '.3f'), 'inches')

#prints the value of average rainfall per month up to 3 decimal places

Explanation:

This program uses nested loops to take data from user and calculate average rainfall over a period of years. The program prompts user to enter the number of years and the outer loop iterates for each year entered by the user. For example if user entered 3 then the outer loop iterates 3 times for each year 1, year 2 and year 3. The inner loop asks user for inches of rainfall for each of the 12 months so it iterates 12 times. For example for 3 years and 12 months in each year the inner loop asks the user 36 times to enter rainfall inches. Every time the rainfall inches are given by user that value is added to the total value (sum) at every iteration. Then the total_months value is calculated by multiplying input year with months. If input year is 3 then total_months= 3 * 12 = 36. The average rainfall is calculated by dividing value of sum to value of total_months. Finally these values are displayed on output screen using print(). The program along with output is attached.