A) According to Elana Martin, company spokesperson, "the error has not been traced to its ultimate source."
Analogy is similarity between things.
In this case, an analogy is the last example - Apple is to tree as grape is to vine.
Santosh would have been happier if he had decided to stay in India. He would be happier with his family and his religion more despite being poor there.
He thought he would have a better life in Washington. He was able to earn more money in Washington in exchange of his cultural identity. Santosh was forced to adapt the American Culture and marry someone he doesn't love for the sake of a better life.
