Answer:
d. Competitive inhibition will decrease because the proportion of the active sites occupied by substrate will increase.
Explanation:
Enzymes are bio catalysts in living cells responsible for aiding biochemical reactions.
Their active sites are primary protein 3D structure for binding with substrates during reactions.
Enzymes reactions are usually affected by inhibitors(e.g methyl alcohol) which compete with the active site with the actual substrate(ethyl alcohol) ,
This is an example of competitive inhibition. The more ethyl alcohol available, the more active sites occupied, therefore denying the inhibitor methylalchol chances to the active site, thus preventing the formation of toxic formaldehyde, and more of non toxic substances from formation of more ADH-METHYL ALCOHOL COMPLEXES at the active sites
Answer: Amino acids are absorbed via a Sodium cotransporter, in a similar mechanism to the monosaccharides.
Explanation: Amino acids are absorbed via a Sodium cotransporter, in a similar mechanism to the monosaccharides. They are then transported across the alabaster membrane via facilitated diffusion. Di and tripeptides are absorbed via separate H+ dependent cotransporters and once inside the cell are hydrolyzed to amino acids.
Innate: keratinized epithelium
stratified squamous epithelium hypodermal areolar connective tissue antigen presenting cells major histocompatibility complexes complement (antibody -dependent pathway )
Innate or non-specific response is the first defense against invaders. Components of this response include physical (e.g. skin . mucosa) and chemical barriers against pathogens and cells such as Natural Killer cells, macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, mast cells, basophils, eosinophils. Innate response reacts immediately.
Adaptive: immunoglobulin plasma cells agglutinin
helper t cells memory t cells cytotoxic t cells cd4+cells
t lymphocytes
Adaptive immune response or specific response is specific to the pathogen presented and mediated by lymphocytes, B and T cells. Adaptive immune response creates immunological memory after the first, initial l response to a specific pathogen which leads to enhanced response.
