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nalin [4]
2 years ago
15

Keith recently read an article online that made him question his ability to make decisions. Explain the positives and the negati

ves of each of these concepts related to thinking and problem-solving:
• Algorithm:
• Heuristics
• Confirmation bias
• Fixation
• Overconfidence
• Creativity
Advanced Placement (AP)
1 answer:
sladkih [1.3K]2 years ago
7 0

Answer: An algorithm is a step by step procedure that leads you to a correct answer. Even though this concept leads you to a correct answer it leads you to a correct answer, it might have its negative procedures or results, but also positive. The positives of using algorithms is that no matter how much it takes you’ll end with the right answer. The negatives is that the procedure might be too long.

Heuristic is a mental shortcut that allows people to solve problems and make judgments quickly and efficiently. Even though it might have positive characteristics it has its negatives as well. The positive characteristics of using heuristics is that you get your answer fast. The negatives are that you don’t get a right answer all the time, because you didn’t follow a procedure then you don’t get exactly what you are supposed to.

Confirmation bias is a tendency to search for or interpret information in a way that confirms one's preconceptions, leading to statistical errors. Confirmation bias has its pros and cons. Its cos are your own mind can lead you to a misunderstanding or a complete error, for example, you are trying to reach to an old friend and you text him and call him and he doesn’t answer you immediately think that person is avoiding you but you never know if that person is not using another phone number or is not available. Confirmation bias positive effects are that leads you to an answer, especially an answer for your convenience.

Fixation is a cognitive bias that limits a person to using an object only in the way it is traditionally used. A state of mind involving obsession with a particular person, idea, or thing. This concept, as the others, has positive and negative procedures or effects. The positives are that it might seem that things work in your favor and that is the only way. The negative part of it is that you don’t see things in other ways you don’t see the other part of the page.

Overconfidence refers to the phenomenon that people's confidence in their judgments and knowledge is higher than the accuracy of these judgments. As most of things it has its negatives and its positives. Its negative are that you always think that you are right even when you might be wrong. Its positives are that you feel satisfied with your answer because you think you’re right.

Creativity is a mental and social process involving the generation of new ideas or concepts, or new associations of the creative mind between existing ideas or concepts. Its positive is that you let your imagination decide for you. Its negative is that some things are not real.

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----------------------

Networks of exchange often helped to transport goods and cultures around the world as well as religious belief. These religions had huge impacts on an empire's growth as most supported or had a main religion in which they would try to spread. Though there are many empires as well as states within them that were heavily religious, there are a few main ones that can represent how belief systems affected their growth. These representations can be found as the Ottoman Empire and the Roman-to-French Empire.

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Just as the Ottoman Empire was widely based on religion, so was the Roman Empire. Trade routes, specifically the Indian Ocean routes, and Missionaries are some of the factors that lead to spread of many religions, most of which were Buddhism, Islam, and Christianity. Between 1200 and 1450, regional kingdoms of France, England, and the Holy Roman Empire became solidified. In the beginning, each power was tied to the Catholic Church and feudal. Although, eventually the protestant reforms marked a break in Christian traditions and eventually led to its growth. The predominantly Christian Europe, particularly the Roman Empire, saw the spread of Islam up the Iberian peninsula as a threat. As a counteractant, the empire heavily enforced Christain as its belief system as well as into its whole social structure, as the church was mainly the ruler of the empire. Although some states, like England and France eventually broke off from the empire, they still carried the Roman Empire’s structure and religion which helped it grow for a while. As for France in their religious justifications and beliefs, they used the Divine Right of Kings which helped to solidify the absolute monarchs of these states, these monarchs were rulers who had specific laws that stayed within that conformed to Christain ideals but also gave them control and power over their subjects. Christains were devoted as well but very strict when it came to their laws, so these conforming rules helped to keep the people in line with the monarchs.

While the Ottoman, Roman, and then France Empires beliefs systems were mostly different, their policies were similar as they all conformed to a religious structure. As well as control of education and activities based on their religion and what they thought was true or holy unto their Gods. The use of religion helped to create strong community bonds, reinforce social stratification, and allow rulers to justify their reign.

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