Equator area: closest to the sun and hot and humid due to the mass evaporation from the excess heat.
Mid equator/south pole: somewhat mild, colder, probably mid-humid, depending on which end of the midsection you're going for
South Pole: cold and dry. Cold because it's naturally far away from the sun (like the north pole) and dry because there isn't significant water evaporation here and any that may form crystallizes into snow and ice.
Answer:
Basically the translation of CK-B protein is inhibited in the U937D cells, despite the fact that the CK-B protein is bounded to the ribosomes. This is because(<u>mechanisms)</u> the translation is inhibited by the binding of translational repressors to the 3’UTR of the CK-B mRNA rather than the actual CK-B mRNA 3'UTR.
Furthermore, the soluble protein inhibitions is due to the reaction of the U937 cells to the short RNA sequences with the 3’UTR.
<u>The introduction of these sequences(shot segement of RNA) </u>into the U937D cells leads to CK-B synthesis. This makes 3’UTR sequences to bind to the translational repressor proteins, thus preventing them from binding to the CK-B mRNA
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COMPLETED QUE.
A common feature of many eukaryotic mRNAS is the presence of a rather long 3' UTR, which often contains consensus sequences. Creatine kinase B (CK-B) is an enzyme important in cellular metabolism. Certain cells—termed U937D cells—have lots of CK-B mRNA, but no CK- B enzyme is present. In these cells the 5’ end of the CK-B mRNA is bound to ribosomes, the mRNA is apparently not translated. Something inhibits the translation of the CK-B mRNA in these cells. Researchers introduced numerous short segments of RNA containing only 3’UTR sequences into U937D cells. As result, the U937D cells began to synthesize the CK-B enzyme, but the total amount of CK-B mRNA did not increase. The introduction of short segments of other RNA sequences did not stimulate the synthesis of CK-B; only the 3’UTR sequences turned on the translation of the enzyme. Based on these results, <u>purpose a mechanism for how CK-B translation is inhibited in U937D cells. Explain how the introduction of short segments of RNA containing the 3'UTR sequences might remove the inhibition.</u>
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Explanation:
The answer is heterozygotes. Heterozygote offspring inherited different forms of a specific gene from individual parents. In a homozygous genotype, the offspring inherited same form of a specific gene from each parent.
Answer:
In a school environment, there are different teachers who teach a different subject, administration controls all the school functions and affairs other than teaching. Other staff such as janitors, bus drivers carry out necessary functions.
In the schools, there are various specific tasks carried out by specific teaching or non-teaching staff. In the cell, a similar condition found as they show specialization and communication as various cell organelles are specific to a specific function and communicate with one another.
Answer:
Both the PKA and IP3 levels increases. Hence, the correct answer is a and b.
Explanation:
Forskolin refers to a drug that increases the levels of cAMP or cyclic AMP by stimulating the enzyme adenylyl cyclase. The cAMP is an essential secondary messenger that ensures proper biological response of cells to hormones and other signals and also takes part in communication between the cells.
When Forskolin increases the levels of cAMP, it will stimulate the enzyme PKA or protein kinase A and at the same time also enhances the intracellular concentration of Ca2+ and IP3 (inositol 1,2,5 triphosphate).
