The correct answer to this open question is the following.
Although there is no further reference to a specific question, we assume that you are asking for the main claim of the essay.
If that is the case, then the answer will be this one.
We are talking about the story of "Two Ways of Seeing a River," written by American author Mark Twain.
So the claim of the essay is to ponder what we have and leaves in our lives. What we could call the gains and possessions of life and the losses, all of them with their respective baggage of experiences that make us grow. It is about the different perspectives and changes in life, things that he reflected on when he was young while piloting steamboats in the Mississippi River.
This essay is part of his book "Life on the Mississippi," written in 1883.
The reason why spanish contact with Incas drove capitalism in Europe is multifold. After being exposed to the riches of the Incas empire, more and more ships were created in Europe (introducing more producers of ships and shipping supplies, etc.) because more and more people wanted to go to the New world themselves and exploit the riches that were available there.
The correct answer is number 2) the North manufactured goods to sell mainly to the Southern states, but the South preferred imports.
The tariffs controversy exposed sectional differences between the North and the South in that the North manufactured goods to sell mainly to the Southern states, but the South preferred imports.
The Congress of the United States passed the Tariff 0f 1828 on May 19, in order to protect the production of goods in the country, specifically in the states of the North. But Southern states immediately opposed to the act, heading by South Carolina, that considered the decision as to the "Tariff of Abominations," because the act set a 38% tax of most imported good. This represented a negative impact on the economy of the Southern states.
Llamas, cattle, sheep, and pigs.