Answer:
Explanation:
because a proton gradient is necessary over the inner mitochondrial membrane during oxidative phosphorylation for ATP production, ATP production will decease if gramicidin is added because the inner mitochondrial membrane will become permeable and the protons will be able to move in and out, there will be no electrochemical gradient left to drive ATP production. Electron transport will not be altered because it is dependent on the availability of NADH and FADH2. proton pumping also will remain the same but it will be useless because the protons can go back and forth
Answer is from dd parents in this simulation it very lucky to survive as a long as they did.
Answer: Autocrine signal, paracrine signal and endocrine signal.
Explanation:
Testosterone is an example of hormone which shows its effect on different locations of the cells.
The autocrine signal can be defined as the siganals which shows its effect on the cell from where it is being produced. This means a cell targets itself.
Then comes the paracrine signals in which signals acts locally on the cells nearby it. The cells close together to the cells producing chemical signals is being affected.
The endocrine signals can be defined as the effect of the hormone on the distant cells. The signals is produced by the cells somewhere else but is carried through the bloodstream to the distant cells.
All of the three effects is being shown by testosterone autocrine, endocrine and paracrine.
If the forest on the hill is cleared, than the soil will lose its natural cover and protection from erosion. The soil will become much more exposed to the erosion, and its top layers will be moved away relatively easy and quickly. Those layers will move downwards, and practically will end up into the river that passes beside the hill. With a significant increase of sediments getting into the river, the river will start to deposit much more material. Also, the sediments will make a problem when there's heavy rainfall because the river will be able to get out of its river bad more easily and cause a flood. The water of the river will also became murkier, muddier, which will make it dark yellowish/light brownish in appearance when there will be rainfall.
<span>the energy stored in the chemical bonds of organic molecules.</span>
