The majority of water molecules moving across plasma membranes by osmosis do so via a process that is most similar to simple diffusion. The process of osmosis involves the moment of water molecules across a semipermeable membrane like the cell membrane from a region of high water concentration to a region of low water concentration. This process is similar to the process of simple diffusion where the solute particles move across in a similar fashion.
the air's oxygen is partially replaced by carbon dioxide. This is because of the gas exchange that occurs so we can live.
Answer:
The energy trapped in fossil fuels came from the energy plants converted during photosynthesis. This trapped energy is. chemical ... are using energy for
Explanation:
Answer:
a) The response indicates that a pH below or above this range will most likely cause enolase to denature/change its shape and be less efficient or unable to catalyze the reaction.
b)The response indicates that the appropriate negative control is to measure the reaction rate (at the varying substrate concentrations) without any enzyme present.
c)The response indicated that the enolase has a more stable/functional/correct/normal protein structure at the higher temperature of 55°C than at 37°C because the enzyme is from an organism that is adapted to growth at 55°C.
Explanation:
Enolase catalyzes the conversion of 2-phosphoglycerate to phosphoenolpyruvate during both glycolysis and gluconeogenesis.In bacteria, enolases are highly conserved enzymes and commonly exist as homodimers.
The temperature optimum for enolase catalysis was 80°C, close to the measured thermal stability of the protein which was determined to be 75°C, while the pH optimum for enzyme activity was 6.5. The specific activities of purified enolase determined at 25 and 80°C were 147 and 300 U mg−1 of protein, respectively. Km values for the 2-phosphoglycerate/phosphoenolpyruvate reaction determined at 25 and 80°C were 0.16 and 0.03 mM, respectively. The Km values for Mg2+ binding at these temperatures were 2.5 and 1.9 mM, respectively.
Enolase-1 from Chloroflexus aurantiacus (EnoCa), a thermophilic green non-sulfur bacterium that grows photosynthetically under anaerobic conditions. The biochemical and structural properties of enolase from C. aurantiacus are consistent with this being thermally adapted.
Answer: B
Explanation:
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), also known as seven-(pass)-transmembrane domain receptors, 7TM receptors, heptahelical receptors, serpentine receptor, and G protein–linked receptors (GPLR),comprises of a large protein family of receptors that discover molecules outside the cell and initiate internal signal transduction pathways and, eventually, cellular responses. They are called seven-transmembrane receptors because they pass through the cell membrane seven times
