Answer:
Explanation:
One of the basic notions of the software development process is SDLC models which stands for Software Development Life Cycle models. SDLC – is a continuous process, which starts from the moment, when it’s made a decision to launch the project, and it ends at the moment of its full remove from the exploitation. There is no one single SDLC model. They are divided into main groups, each with its features and weaknesses. The most used, popular and important SDLC models are given below:
1. Waterfall model
2. Iterative model
3. Spiral model
4. V-shaped model
5. Agile model
Stage 1. Planning and requirement analysis
Each software development life cycle model starts with the analysis, in which the stakeholders of the process discuss the requirements for the final product.
Stage 2. Designing project architecture
At the second phase of the software development life cycle, the developers are actually designing the architecture. All the different technical questions that may appear on this stage are discussed by all the stakeholders, including the customer.
Stage 3. Development and programming
After the requirements approved, the process goes to the next stage – actual development. Programmers start here with the source code writing while keeping in mind previously defined requirements. The programming by itself assumes four stages
• Algorithm development
• Source code writing
• Compilation
• Testing and debugging
Stage 4. Testing
The testing phase includes the debugging process. All the code flaws missed during the development are detected here, documented, and passed back to the developers to fix.
Stage 5. Deployment
When the program is finalized and has no critical issues – it is time to launch it for the end users.
SDLC MODELS
Waterfall – is a cascade SDLC model, in which development process looks like the flow, moving step by step through the phases of analysis, projecting, realization, testing, implementation, and support. This SDLC model includes gradual execution of every stage completely. This process is strictly documented and predefined with features expected to every phase of this software development life cycle model.
ADVANTAGES
Simple to use and understand
DISADVANTAGES
The software is ready only after the last stage is over
ADVANTAGES
Management simplicity thanks to its rigidity: every phase has a defined result and process review
DISADVANTAGES
High risks and uncertainty
Iterative SDLC Model
The Iterative SDLC model does not need the full list of requirements before the project starts. The development process may start with the requirements to the functional part, which can be expanded later.
ADVANTAGES
Some functions can be quickly be developed at the beginning of the development lifecycle
DISADVANTAGES
Iterative model requires more resources than the waterfall model
The paralleled development can be applied Constant management is required
Spiral SDLC Model
Spiral model – is SDLC model, which combines architecture and prototyping by stages. It is a combination of the Iterative and Waterfall SDLC models with the significant accent on the risk analysis.