Answer:
d. The normal pH of human blood is already in the alkaline range.
Explanation:
The blood has an average pH between 7.35 and 7.45. Also, in blood there are some natural buffers that allows to maintain this pH does not matter the kind of food or substances that enter to our body.
If for any process the pH decreases a little bit, the body starts a process to recover the natural pH of the blood.
Answer:
a. DNA polymerase proofreading: consequence of its absence is the DNA mutation
b. Mismatch repair enzymes
: consequence of its absence impedes homologous recombination resulting in the final mutation
c. Nucleotide excision repair enzymes
: the absence of nucleotide cleavage repair enzymes would impede the functioning of damaged DNA repair mechanisms
Explanation:
a. DNA polymerases are the enzymes that form the DNA in cells. During DNA replication (copying), most DNA polymerases can "check their work" with each base they add. This process is called review. If the polymerase detects that you have added a wrong nucleotide (incorrectly paired), remove it and replace it immediately, before continuing with DNA synthesis
b. In homologous recombination, the information from the homologous chromosome that matches that of the damaged one (or from a sister chromatid if the DNA has been copied) is used to repair the fragmentation. In this process the two homologous chromosomes are approached and the undamaged region of the homologue or the chromatide is used as a template to replace the damaged region of the broken chromosome. Homologous recombination is "cleaner" than the union of non-homologous ends and does not usually cause 11 mutations
c. Excision repair: damage to one or a few DNA bases is usually fixed by removing (excising) and replacing the damaged region. In repair by base cleavage, only the damaged base is removed. In nucleotide excision repair, as in the mating repair we saw earlier, a nucleotide section is removed
The answer is:
Total used energy is the energy released by the hydrolysis of one mole of ATP and it is 30.7 kJ.
Total possible energy (used pus released as a heat) is 2870 kJ.
So, we calculate total used/total possible=30.7/2870=0.01069 or 0.017. Expressed in percentage: 1.07% energy is used.
Eu means true therefore it is known as eubacteria
