C
ATP is usually used in processes and biochemical reactions in the body that would not occur spontaneously hence require energy to proceed them forward.
Explanation:
One such process is the transport of molecules against the concentration gradient. This is akin to climbing a hill. The channels that carry the molecule against concentration gradient require energy in carrying the molecule from the low concentration outside the cell to high concentration inside the cell. This is called active transport. Facilitated diffusion use membrane channels too, but no ATP energy is consumed because the molecules are moving down concentration gradient.
Learn More:
For more on active transport check out;
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Answer:
The third option is the correct answer.
Explanation:
As you may already know, a cladogram is a diagram capable of representing the evolution of living beings, through their ancestry and genetic similarities.
In a cladogram, the main line is the root and represents the common ancestor among all living beings that will be added throughout the cladogram. The adjacent lines, the main line are the branches and represent the groups of living beings represented. Each point between the lines, are the nodes and represent cladogenetic events.
As you can see in the cladogram shown in the question above, species C and D come from the same branch, which means that these species are more genetically close and that they have many similarities in their genomes. However, species B and C or D and E, despite having the same ancestor in common, come from different branches, which means that they are less genetically similar.
Answer:
B) The rates of ATP production and carbon dioxide production would both increase.
Explanation:
The citric acid cycle is the second stage of aerobic cellular respiration. It includes complete oxidation of acetyl CoA into CO2 and H2O. During the citric acid cycle, NAD and FAD serve as electron acceptors. Reduction of these reducing powers forms NADH and FADH2 which in turn enter the electron transport chain for their oxidation and drive the process of as many as 32 ATP molecules by oxidative phosphorylation. On the other hand, fermentation forms of 2 ATP molecules and a few or no CO2 molecules.
Therefore, if one of the eight intermediates of the citric acid cycle is added to the medium, the yeast cells would perform aerobic cellular respiration and would form more CO2 and ATP molecules than the ones formed during the process of fermentation.
