Answer: Animals farm is an allegorical allusion of the Russian Revolution. The characters represent many people who took part in this revolution. The most evident ones are Farmer Jones, Old Manor, Muriel, Boxer, Mr. Pilkington, Mr. Frederick, Napoleon, and Snowball. Farmer Jones represents Tsar Nicholas II who was an emperor that people rebel against him as animals did with Farmer Jones. Old Manor represents Karl Marx who is the author if the economic theory that creates the foundation of Communism and Socialism. Old Manor has socialist ideals which lead the animals to start the rebellion. Muriel represents the learned and educated population. Boxer represents the working class' incredibility. Mr. Pilkington is the one who runs the neighboring farm who represents the capitalist governments such as the USA and UK. Mr. Frederick stands for Adolf Hitler who was the ruler of Nazi Germany. Snowball represents Leon Trotsky who was communist beliefs and wasn't unable to lead this the other ruler so he was then exiled. Finally, Napoleon is the leader of after the rebellion who stands for Joseph Stalin who was part of the communist party.
Communism, Marxism Socialism and Capitalism are the main philosophies that this book deals with.
Events such as The Battle of Cowshed is parallel to the Civil War which took part after the revolution. Also, The Battle Windmill represents the participation of the U.S.S.R in the World War II.
