Answer:
The correct order would be:
A vaccine introduces a weakened flu virus into the body.
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The immune system identifies antigens on the weakened flu virus.
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Antibodies are produced, which bind to the weakened flu virus and signal immune cells to destroy it.
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The actual flu virus enters the body, and lymphocytes recognize the antigens.
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Antibodies are quickly produced and allow the body to fight off the infection.
Vaccination or immunization is the process which helps in developing the immunity (adaptive) against a particular pathogen or microorganism.
It includes the administration of antigen, weakened or heat-killed microorganism (such as flu virus) into the patients body. Body's immune system produces naive B and T cells to eliminate the antigen.
This encounter enables the immune system to produce memory B and T cells against that particular pathogen.
In future, whenever the same antigen enters the body, the immune system gets activated quickly due to the presence of memory cells. It enables the body to produce more effective secondary response against the pathogen.
not sure but I think it is under skin/nose/Uncertain Behavior
Answer:
At the end of<u> telophase II </u>and cytokinesis, there are four haploid cells.cells.
Explanation:
During telophase II the sister chromosomes separate from each other and move to the opposite ends of the cell. Once that the chromosomes are in the opposite ends, the cytokinesis starts, this is the division of the cytoplasm that will give two daughter haploid cells.
We have to remember that there will be four haploid cells because there are two cells, which are the result of meiosis I, that will go into meiosis II to give these four daughters haploid cells. Also, the phases in meiosis I and II are very similar. Both of them have prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.
The basics would be that you'd need to find out if they could exchange genetic information. If not, they couldn't be considered part of one species. Set-up 2 artificial environments so both groups would produce pollen at the same time. Fertilise both plants with the other's pollen. Then fertilise the plants with pollen from their own group.
Count the number of offspring each plant produces.
If the plants which were fertilised by the opposite group produce offspring, they are of the same species. You can then take this further if they are of the same species by analysing if there is any difference between the number (and health) of offspring produced by the crossed progeny and by the pure progeny. You'd have to take into account that some of them would want to grow at different times, so a study of the progeny from their first sprout until death (whilst emulating the seasons in your ideal controlled environment). Their success could then be compared to that of the pure-bred individuals.
Make sure to repeat this a few times, or have a number of plants to make sure your results are accurate.
Or if you couldn't do the controlled environment thing, just keep some pollen one year and use it to fertilise the other group.
I'd also put a hypothesis in there somewhere too.
The independent variable would be the number of plants pollinated. The dependant variable would be the number of progeny (offspring) produced.
There are many examples you can choose from, but one great example, a venus fly trap, and a lotus, for example. The two examples given differ because they:
*provide themselves with different types of foods
*have a different system of reproducing, as well as growing
*and live in two different types of environments.
Also, remember, the fly trap is a carnivorous plant, while the lotus is not
