There will be 10 centromeres in the nucleus of the cell with five chromosome pairs at the G2 phase.
Further Explanation:
The cell cycle in eukaryotes comprises of two stages: mitotic phase and the interphase. The interphase is the growth phase during which the cell grows with the accumulation of nutrients that are required for mitosis.
The interphase is divided into Gap1 (G1), synthesis phase (S phase), and Gap2 (G2 phase). In the G1 phase, the proteins and nutrients required for the S phase are synthesized. During this phase, the cell grows but does not undergo division. G1 phase is followed by the S phase during which replication of the DNA occurs and the cell's DNA content or the chromosome number doubles. The G2 phase is the cell's checkpoint to ensure that the DNA replication has been accomplished successfully with no damage. It also synthesizes protein machinery for the M phase for cell division to take place. In the M phase, the cell division occurs separating the DNA content equally into two daughter cells formed at the end of mitosis.
Here, the diploid cell has five pairs of the chromosome or the DNA content is 2n=10. Each chromosome will have a single chromatid in the G1 phase. After the S phase, the DNA content will double and each chromosome will comprise an identical sister chromatid pair. The sister chromatids are linked together at the centromeres. Therefore, there will be 10 centromeres present in the S phase, each containing two sister chromatids.
During the G2 phase, no cell division takes place. Therefore, the centromere will remain attached to the sister chromatids and will remain the same as in the S phase. In the M phase, the sister chromatids will move towards the opposite pole and eventually divide into two daughter cells with an equal amount of DNA content (2n=10).
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Answer Details:
Grade: High School
Subject: Biology
Chapter: Cell division
Keywords:
Cell cycle, cell division, interphase, mitosis, G1 phase, G2 phase, synthesis phase, chromosomes, DNA content, centromere, sister chromatids, DNA replication, daughter cells.
