So naturally, Water loves to be with water. This is just a common knowledge of biology. The side with the least amount of water will recognize that the opposing side has more water. Water molecules in Side A will essentially try and cross the selectively permeable membrane and go onto the crowded side. This will make the Cell in A become lysed and it will shrink. Your answer will be:
C. The Water level will increase on side B and decrease on Side A until concentrations are equalized.
Answer:
The insect pictured is in the order coleoptera
<span>The solution in the tube has a higher concentration of solute than the solution in the beaker. It is, therefore, hypertonic.</span>
Answer:
At least 17 PCR cycles or 16 PCR cycles
Explanation:
As we know -
In one chain of heating and cooling of polymerase chain reaction (PCR), the strands of DNA gets doubled.
The general mathematical representation of this is
where "n" is the number of PCR cycles.
It is given that DNA strands to be produced is 16 times the original quantity of DNA.
So the PCR cycle must be carried out at least 17 times in order to have DNA strand not less than 16 times the original quantity of DNA
Answer:
B. In the real world, random and unpredictable events occur, so the Lotka-Volterra parameters vary over time
Explanation:
Lotka-Volterra equations are mathematical models that explain biological prey-predator interactions among two species, considering the following assumptions,
-
The ecosystem is isolated and closed. There is no migration.
- The whole individuals are reproductively equivalent.
- In the absence of the predator, prey shows an exponential growth rate. The prey is in the ideal environment.
- In the absence of the prey, the predator population decreases exponentially. The predator environment is also ideal, but it is limited by the prey density.
- The predation rate is proportional to the encounters rate, which also depends on density.
- The predators affect the prey populations, making it decrease proportionally to the number of prey and predators present.
- The prey population also influence the predator population, proportionally to the number of encounters between the two species.
In these equations, the variable D is the number of predators, and P the number of preys.
The parameters are always constant:
- a1: predator hunting success.
- r2: predator growth rate.
- a2: the success of the predator in hunting and feeding.
In nature, there are many factors affecting interactions. Dense-dependent factors and dense-independent factors. Also in reality there are stochastic factors. <em>Stochasticity refers to the variability in the system involving those factors that are affecting or influencing the population growth. Stochasticity might be related to good years and bad years for population growth.</em>
In a real situation, the compliance of the whole assumptions does not occur. The previously mentioned constants might vary, changing continuously the interaction among the predator and the prey. These parameters change in different degrees, resulting in different circumstances for both species.
