Answer:
searching efficiency (a)
Explanation:
The other word for Lotka-Volterra is predator-prey in which they have a combination of the differential equation which consists of nonlinear and should be the first ordered sequence.
It is used to tell the biological system changes where the two species interacted with each other. The one is the predator and the other one is prey.
Now according to the question the rate at which the predator-prey change is searching efficiency (a) as it shows the changes of predator species with the respect that how quick they determine, attack it and consumed it
Answer:
Change occur in form and structure of the cell.
Explanation:
The structure and shape of the cell change because the function of leg is different from the lungs. In the lungs the epithelial lung cell is responsible for the detection and protection of the cells against pathogen while on the other hand, the leg has the function to move an individual from one place to another so due to difference in function, the cells of both regions have different shape and structure of the cell and the epithelial lung cell will be changed into a leg muscle cell.
According to Peter Berger, there are four major characteristic of modernization. They are
1. The expansion of personal choice.
2. The decline of traditional and small communities
3. Increasing social diversity
4. Growing awareness of time and orientation towards the future.
I hope this answers your question.
Answer:
The correct answer is b. actors have to be more likely to carry the altruistic allele than non actors.
Explanation:
Altruism is the behavior by an organism that benefits other organisms by costing its own fitness. The actor is the individual who is doing altruism and the recipient is the individual who is getting benefited by the actor's altruism.
An example of altruistic behavior can be seen in animal kingdom easily. Vampire bats give blood to those members of the community who were not able to go for search for blood show altruistic behavior.
Actors have altruistic genes that suggest them to behave altruistically. Non-actors may not contain alleles of altruism but the recipient might have altruistic alleles.
Hamilton's rule says that natural selection will favor the altruistic allele when rb > c.
where r = coefficient of relatedness between donor and recipient
b = benefit received by recipient and
c = cost paid by altruist.
Therefore, the correct answer is b.
The correct answer is option D
the pineal gland releases melatonin into the bloodstream
In the exocrine system the organ releases certain substance other than hormone while in the endocrine system , the organs releases hormones.
In option D, melatonin is a hormone released by pineal gland and thus it is an endocrine function
