Glucose, a small uncharged molecule, can pass through the cell membrane, but sodium ions do not pass through the membrane easily
. What is the most accurate explanation for these findings?1) Cell membranes have carrier proteins for glucose but not for sodium.2) The cell membrane is semi-permeable.3) The membrane potential makes it difficult for sodium ions to diffuse across the membrane.4) The sodium-potassium pump keeps sodium inside the cell.
The movement of glucose across membrane is controlled by carrier proteins that helps in the movement of the glucose molecules.
The movement of ion from a low concentration to a higher concentration results in a decrease in entropy, which requires an input of free energy so ions need channel for their movement and it cannot be transported by membrane proteins as like that of glucose.
hence, glucose is transported across membrane by carrier protein and sodium does not move by this method.
Peristalsis is the wave-like motion of the walls of the alimentary canal that allow food to move along the lumen of the alimentary canal towards the posterior (anus). These waves are powered by the contraction and relaxation of the smooth muscles.
The probability is 1/16 that a gamete will receive only paternal chromosomes. In life
cycles that alternate between haploid and diploid stages, fertilization doubles
the number of chromosomes per cell, The pairing of chromosomes along
their lengths , which is essential for crossing over is referred to as synapsis
Spotted Eagle Rays have two sets of five gills on each side of their body on the ventral side. In order to breathe, A. narinari must be in continuous swimming motion so that oxygen can be absorbed from the water passing through the gills
