The purpose of a descriptive essay is to portray a subject using vivid language
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A. Recall a familiar text.
An allusion is a reference to another published work. In this case, the allusion is to the Pledge of Allegiance. Instead of the just saying the name of the text, the author alludes to it by quoting the first line. For readers who know the Pledge of Allegiance this may spark in them a sense of patriotism as they may then recite the entire pledge. The reader uses this allusion to further the point about patriotism as a routine taught in schools.
Someone standing up for what they believe in.
