Answer:
During presentation of APC-bound antigen, macrophages and dendritic cells secrete the cytokine, interleukin-1, that activates T helper cells
Explanation:
Macrophages interact with T cells in order to generate T cell activation in target organs, and are themselves activated by inflammatory messenger molecules (cytokines) produced by the T cells.
Macrophages produce toxic chemicals, such as nitric oxide, that can kill surrounding cells.
During presentation of APC-bound antigen, macrophages and dendritic cells secrete the cytokine, interleukin-1, that activates T helper cells
Answer:
its parents.
Explanation:
its parents hold a dna code
Answer:
Radiation leads to mutations that causes genetic drift and decrease fitness.
Explanation:
Radiation is responsible for changing or altering the DNA sequence within a cell.
Radiation either causes mutation or it leads to cell death.
Most of the ionizing radiation causes mutation within the deep inside of our cells which eventually leads genetic drift which means change in the frequency of the allele in a population over time.
Beneficial mutation confer advantage to the organism. But in this case, the mutation is not beneficial and decreases the fitness of the rodent organisms.
