<span>The choices for this question are:
</span>-is biologically magnified in ... are recycled in
-is dissipated in ... flow through
-flows through ... are recycled in
-is continuously supplied to ... are continuously removed from
<span>-is recycled in ... flow through</span><span>
On a global scale, energy flows through ecosystems whereas chemical elements are recycle in ecosystems. So the answer is the third option.
Energy flows through the ecosystem. Most energy comes from sunlight and it is transformed into chemical energy by autotrophs. When they are consumed by heterotrophs the energy is passed on, until it dissipates as heat.
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Chemical elements like carbon and nitrogen, on the other hand, are cycled between biotic and abiotic factors in an ecosystem. This is not possible for energy. These chemical elements come from abiotic factors like the air, light and soil. They are incorporated in the biomass of the photosynthetic organisms and are consumed by other organisms. They are changed back into their inorganic form when the organism dies and are broken down by decomposers and the cycle goes on. So they are constantly being recycled.
In summary, energy needs a continuous source to be able to maintain and sustain the energy flow in the ecosystem. Chemical elements, on the other hand, are just recycled through processes between abiotic factors and biotic factors. </span>
4^3 = 64
There are 64 ways to arrange the four bases (Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, and Guanine) into triplets (include repeats of bases as well, for e.g. AAT).
Just in case you are confused by my use of Thymine above, one thing to note is that Thymine will be replaced with Uracil in RNA.
Hope this helps! :)
I) Locus- the chromosomal site where a specific gene is located. A locus is a fixed position on a chromosome, like the position of a gene or a marker. Each chromosome carries ,many genes; human's estimated haploid (n) protein coding genes are about 20,000, on the 23 different chromosomes.
ii) Interference; the observed double crossover frequency differs from the expected double crossover frequency. Cross over interference is used to refer to the non-random placement of crossovers with respect to each other during meiosis. It results in widely spaced crossovers along chromosomes. Interference may exert its effect across whole chromosomes. As chromosomes in many eukaryotes are large, interference must be able to act over megabase lengths of DNA.
iii) Linkage- the tendency for genes located in close proximity on the same chromosome to be inherited together. Normally when two genes are close together on the same chromosome, they do not assort independently and are said to be linked. Whereas genes located on different chromosomes assort independently and have a recombination frequency of 50%, linked genes have a recombination frequency that is less than 50%.
iv) Recombination- the process by which a new pattern of alleles on a chromosome is generated. Genetic recombination is the production of offspring with combinations f traits that differ from those found in either parent. During meiosis in eukaryotes, genetic recombination involves the pairing of homologous chromosomes. This may be followed by information transfer between the chromosomes.
D-As stress levels increase, job efficiency increases is the correct answer.
