The label A represents mitochondria.
The mitochondria is also called the powerhouse of the cell which converts glucose to energy rich molecules of ATP.
Label B represents nucleus.
Nucleus contains the genetic material or DNA, RNA , nucleolus, chromatin fibres and proteins. It contains the chromosomes which control the hereditary characteristics.
Label C represents lysosome.
Lysosomes contain digestive juices which breaks down large cell parts and large molecules and helps in intracellular digestion.
Label D represents rough endoplasmic reticulum having ribosomes.
The rough endoplasmic reticulum provides surface for protein synthesis. It is also used to transport cellular contents from one cell to another.
Answer:
<em>B: The drug is a small charged molecule</em>
Explanation:
Substances can passively diffuse in and out of the cell via the cell membrane in two ways;
- Simple diffusion
- Facilitated diffusion
The cell membrane allows small molecules or ions to freely diffuse across it in response to concentration difference between the inner and outer parts of the cell membrane. This is known as simple diffusion.
In facilitated diffusion, special proteins in the cell membrane, known as channel/carrier proteins binds with molecules and facilitates their diffusion across the cell membrane by carrying them through special channels in the membrane.
Hence, to support the alternative hypothesis that the new drug will exhibit simple diffusion across the plasma membrane, the drug should be a small charged molecule.
<em>Correct option: B</em>
Well during an enzyme catalyzed reaction the enzyme bonds with a specific substrate at the active site. This is called an enzyme-substrate complex. The substrate is converted into a specific product, but the enzyme remains unchanged. Enzymes accelerate reactions by factors of at least a million.Enzymes are not used up in a chemical reaction. Usually, the enzyme will "reset" and be ready to use in another reaction. This is due to the fact that enzymes are proteins, and their shape is what they use in a chemical reaction. Initially, the enzyme has a particular shape. Something happens to the enzyme (usually a shape change, called a conformation change, brought on by the presence of two or more chemical reactants), and the enzyme catalyzes the reaction. After the reaction is catalyzed, the product is released, and the enzyme can "relax." This means it goes back to its normal shape, ready to do it all over again
Hope it helps
