I would say A. Is Joe nearsighted or farsighted?
The nursing intervention that reduces the clients risk of increased intracranial pressure or ICP is to administer a stool softener as ordered. To avoid the client from straining at the stool that may possibly cause a Valsalva maneuver that increases intracranial pressure, the nurse must institute a regular bowel program that take account of use of a stool softener.
Any caregiver for that matter must protect oneself first before coming in contact with any patient. This is to avoid the transmission of microorganisms--from the patient to the nurse and from the nurse to other patients. By protecting oneself, Nurse Jones must use the appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE).