Answer:
D) The encoded protein contains four repeats of a specific sequence.
Explanation:
The polymerase chain reaction is a technique used to replicate or amplify the amount of DNA sample.
The technique employs running the DNA samples on the gel through which the DNA samples run based on their sizes.
The large-sized DNA fragment runs to a less distance whereas the small-sized DNA run to a large distance.
In the given question, four sizes of DNA bands are formed in the ratio of 1:2:3:4 which shows that the proteins encoded by this DNA have four repeats of a specific sequence of the template strand. This was confirmed when the largest band sample was again used as a sample of PCR and the PCR resulted in the four bands in similar 1:2:3:4.
Thus, Option-D is the correct answer.
Answer: She will need to learn out how to quantitatively measure mold growth to measure the dependent variable.- last choices
Answer: alternative C
Explanation: Aerobic bacteria are oxygen dependant, and because of that they gather in blue and red areas since those are the <u>light spectra in which algae photosynthethises</u> the most. The <u>photosynthesis product is oxygen</u>, being this the reason why blue and red areas attract aerobic bacteria.
Answer:
Entropy is characterized as a level of irregularity or disorder in a system. More the disorder more is the Entropy. The greatest entropy is accomplished when the system is in equilibrium.
In a similar manner, stability is legitimately relative to entropy. Therefore, more entropy, more is the stability and the other way around.
<u>S.No Scenarios Entropy Stability
</u>
A Glucose Less Less
Carbon dioxide or water More More
B A messy room more More
A clean room Less Less
C Ice water on a warm day Less Less
Warm water on a warm da More More
Transcript of EXCRETORY SYSTEM OF THE FROG AND HUMANTHE URINARY SYSTEM IS RESPONSIBLE FOR THE ELIMINATION OF WASTS VIA THE URINE. THE BASIC UNIT OF FUNCTION IS THE NEPHRON COMPOSED OF THE GLOMERULUS AND A SERIES OF TUBULES RESPONSIBLE FOR THE EXCRETION OF WASTES, REABSORPTION OF VALUABLE SUBSTANCES, AND FILTRATION OF BLOOD.
URINARY SYSTEM OF HUMAN
<span>EXCRETORY SYSTEM OF THE FROG AND HUMAN </span>
EACH KIDNEY CONTAINS UP TO 18 LOBULES AND THOSE 18 LOBES CONTAINS NEPHRONS ARE THE FUNCTIONAL UNIT OF THE KIDNEYS AND EACH KIDNEY CONTAINS MORE THAN 1 MILLION NEPHRONS. IN THE NEPHRONS COMPOSED OF GLOMERULUS FILTERS THE BLOOD LEAVING THE FILTRATE INSIDE THE GLOMERULAR SPACE. THE FILTRATE HAS SIMILAR CHARACTERISTICS TO PLASMA EPT IN THE PRESENCE OF PROTEINS IN THE FORM OF ALBUMIN. THE FILTRATE THEN GOES INTO THE PROXIMAL CONVOLUTED TUBULES WHERE MAJORITY OF THE SUBTANCES ARE REABSORBED.
KIDNEY
THE FLUID ENTERS THE DESCEDING LIMB OF HENLE WHERE IT IS IMPERMEABLE TO MINERALS AND OTHER SUBTANCES. THEREFORE, THE FLUID INSIDE THE TUBULES BECOMES HYPERTONIC COMPARED TO PLASMA. AS THE FLUID INSIDE GOES UP INTO THICK ASCENDING LIMB OF HENLE, WATER BECOMES IMPERMEABLE. THUS, IT IS ONE OF THE IMPORTANT DILUTING SEGMENTS OF THE URINARY SYSTEM. THERE IS ACTIVE TRANSPORT OF VARIOUS PHYSIOLOGICALLY IMPORTANT IONS SUCH AS POTASSIUM IONS, SODIUM IONS AND OTHERS.
URINARY SYSTEM OF THE FROG
EXCRETORY SYSTEM OF FEMALE FROG
EXCRETORY SYSTEM OF THE MALE FROG
LIQUID WASTE GENERATED BY THE KIDNEYS TRAVELS THROUGH THE MESONEPHRIC DUCT INTO E CLOACA. SOLID WASTE FROM THE LARGE INTESTINE PASSES INTO THE CLOACA. BOTH SOLID AND LIQUID WASTE MATERIALS LEAVE THE BODY THROUGH THE ANUS, THE ONLY OPENING FOUND IN THE POSTERIOR PART OF THE BODY.
THE FLUID THEN GOES INTO THE THIN ASCENDING LOOP OF HENLE AND INTO THE DISTAL CONVOLUTED TUBULE WHERE WATER AND SODIUM REABSORPTION IS EFFECTED BY ALDOSTERONE SECRETION BY THE ADRENAL CORTEX. THE FLUID THEN GOES IONTO COLLECTING TUBULES WHERE WATER REABSORPTION IS AFFECTED BY ADH.SOME REABSORPTION OF IMPORTANT IONS STILL OCCURS IN THESE FINAL SEGMENTS.
THE NEPRON
FINALLY, THE URINE DRAINS INTO THE MINOR AND MAJOR CALYX TO GO INTO THE RENAL PELVIS. FROM HERE IT IS DRAINED BY THE URETER TO BE TEMPORARILY STORED IN THE BLADDER WHERE PERIODIC EMPTYING OCCURS VIA THE URETHRA THROUGH THE PROCESS OF URINATION. THE URETHRA CONNECTS THE URINARY BLADDER TO THE GENITALS FOR THE REMOVAL OF URIE OUT OF THE BODY.
DIFFERENCES OF HUMAN AND FROG EXCRETORY
FROG
HUMAN
KIDNEY
KIDNEY
MESONEPHRIC DUCT
URETERS
URINARY BLADDER sorry caps
URETHRA
CLOACA