Question

Cancer, which can be considered as unregulated cell division, often results from mutations in proto-oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes. Usually mutation in more than one gene from each group is involved. Suggest two or more combinations of mutations that would tend to allow the cell cycle to become unregulated.

Answer 1

Answer:

Over-expression of oncogenes

Suppression of tumor suppressor genes

Explanation: When proto-oncogenes which are normal cells becomes mutated giving rise to oncogenes. This oncogenes when overexpressed can lead to uneducated cell division. Most Proto-oncogenes give signals for cell division and some regulate apoptosis. Thus, mutation of the proto-oncogenes giving rise to oncogenes will cause unregulated cell division and also the inability of the cell to under apoptosis. This coupled with suppression of the normally activated tumor suppressor genes. The tumor suppressor genes aid in regulation of cell division and replication and if suppressed, this can disrupt the entire process of cell division and replication.