Here's the answer in picture form
Answer:
The answer is:
D. the radiation of herbivores such as grazing animals
Explanation:
Oligocene and Miocene Epochs:
- The Oligocene epoch is characterized by temperate and subtropical climatic conditions which favored the expansion of grasses and reduced forest cover.
- The Miocene epoch, which succeeded the Oligocene era, is attributed to changes in global circulation due to global warming of the climate followed by global cooling towards the end.
The Oligocence and Miocene epoch are both attributed to the expansion of grasslands and savannah. Both eras marked rapid and drastic evolutionary changes in grazing mammals and herbivores. Diverse groups of grazing mammals lived throughout these eras. For example, the largest herbivore and land mammal of all time, <em>Indricotherium</em> (a sort of giant hornless rhinoceros), was present in the Oligocene era.
Similarly, the Oligocene era in North America favored the rapid radiation of primitive horses.
<span>When a farmer stops cultivating farmland and abandons
it, the growth of wild grasses and weeds can be considered secondary succession
because of the presence of the existing soil. Secondary succession occurs in ecosystem
when soil have been disturbed or disrupted by humans such in a way of farming. Furthermore, the reason why it cannot be
categorize as primary succession because primary succession only occurs in
essentially lifeless areas, where soil is not capable of sustaining life. Specifically,
this is called old-field succession where wild grasses and weeds represents a new
plant species to colonize a bare soil after the farmer abandon the farmland.</span>
Answer: a. Genetic recombination (crossing over)
b. Can also be explained in terms of crossing over
c. Non disjunction of homologous chromosomes in meiosis 1
Explanation:
The process that allows for the transfer of both the paternal and maternal materials to is the crossing over process that takes at meiosis 1 changing them to secondary spermatocytes. While they are still primary spermatocytes, they are still diploid cells having both the maternal and paternal chromosomes. But since the spermatozoon is an haploid cell, it is able to retail some of both parents chromosome by the crossing over event which takes place between homologous paternal and maternal chromosomes allowing them to exchange materials. Thus the chromosomal contents of the primary spermatocyte differs from that of the spermatozoon.
C. This can occur as a result of the one of the homologous chromosome pair refusing to separate at meiosis 1 with one gamete containing 4 chromosomes/8 sister chromatids and the second having 2 chromosomes/4 sister chromatids.
Climate, especially temperature and rainfall patterns
Microclimates on the roof top
Strength of the supporting structure
Size, slope, height and directional orientation of the roof
Type of underlying waterproofing
Drainage elements, such as drains, scuppers and drainage conduits
Accessibility and intended use
Visibility, fit with architecture, and owner’s aesthetic preferences
Fit with other ‘green’ systems, such as solar panels
Materials and labor costs
