Define a method named roleOf that takes the name of an actor as an argument and returns that actor's role. If the actor is not i
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Answer:
Check the explanation
Explanation:
We will be arranging the plaintext in a 4 * 4 matrix <u><em>(which is a rectangular shaped group of symbols, numbers, or expressions, that are arranged in columns and set rows For example, the dimension of the matrix we will be using to explain the above question is 4 × 4, because there are four rows and four columns.)</em></u> in the step by step explanation below.
Answer:
Here is the Python program:
def fancy_find(search_within , search_for): # function definition of fancy_find function that takes two parameters
index = 0 #to store the index of search_within where the search_for string is found
if search_for in search_within: #checks if the string search_for is present in string search_within
sf = search_for[0] #points to the first character of the search_for
for sw in search_within: #iterates through search_within
if sw == sf: #if the first character of search_for is equal to the character at sw index of search_within
if search_within[index:index+len(search_for)] == search_for: #checks if the value of search_for is found in search_within
print(search_for,"found at index",index,"!") #if above condition is true prints the message "[search_for] found at index [index]!", with [search_for] and [index] replaced by the value of search_for and the index at which it is found
return ""
index += 1 #increments value of index at each iteration
print(search_for,"is not found within", search_within) #if search_for is not found within search_within, prints message "[search_for] was not found within [search_within]!" with the values of search_for and search_within.
return ""
#following two statements are used to test the working of above function
print(fancy_find("ABCDEF", "DEF")) #calls fancy_find() passing "ABCDEF" as search_within and "DEF" as search_for
print(fancy_find("ABCDEF", "GHI")) #calls fancy_find() passing "ABCDEF" as search_within and "GHI" as search_for
Explanation:
The program is well explained in the comments. I will explain the working of the function with the help of an example:
Suppose
search_within = "ABCDEF"
search_for = "DEF"
We have to find if search_for i.e. DEF is present in search_within i.e. ABCDEF
if search_for in search_within statement checks using in operator that if DEF is included in ABCDEF. Here this condition evaluates to true so the next statement sf = search_for[0] executes which sets the first element of search_for i.e. D to sf. So sf = 'D'
for sw in search_within this statement has a for loop that iterates through ABCDEF and works as following:
At first iteration:
sw contains the first character of search_within i.e. A
if sw == sf: condition checks if the first character of the search_for i.e. D is equal to sw i.e. A. Its not true so the program control moves to this statement:
index += 1 This increases the value of index by 1. index was initialized to 0 so now it becomes 1. Hence index=1
At second iteration:
sw contains the second character of search_within i.e. B
if sw == sf: condition checks if the first character of the search_for i.e. D is equal to sw i.e. B Its not true so the program control moves to this statement:
index += 1 This increases the value of index by 1. index was initialized to 0 so now it becomes 2. Hence index=2
At third iteration:
sw contains the third character of search_within i.e. C
if sw == sf: condition checks if the first character of the search_for i.e. D is equal to sw i.e. C Its not true so the program control moves to this statement:
index += 1 This increases the value of index by 1. index was initialized to 0 so now it becomes 3. Hence index=3
At fourth iteration:
sw contains the third character of search_within i.e. D
if sw == sf: condition checks if the first character of the search_for i.e. D is equal to sw i.e. D. Its true so so the program control moves to this statement:
if search_within[index:index+len(search_for)] == search_for:
current value of index=3
len(search_for) returns the length of DEF i.e. 3
So the if condition checks for the search_for in search_within. The statement becomes:
if search_within[3:3+3] == search_for:
search_within[3:3+3] means from 3rd index position of search_within to 6-th index position of the search_within. This means from 4th element of search_within i.e. D to the last. Hence search_within[3:3+3] is equal to DEF.
search_for = DEF so
if search_within[3:3+3] == search_for: checks if
search_within[3:3+3] = DEF is equals to search_for = DEF
Yes it is true so
print(search_for,"found at index",index,"!") statement is executef which prints the following message:
DEF found at index 3!
This output is because search_for = "DEF" and index=3
