Answer:
Hypertonic blood draws water out of the interstitial fluid, which makes the interstitial fluid hypertonic. This, in turn, draws water out of the cells.
Basically an hype tonic blood has high solute potential,( low water potential) compare with the surrounding plasma and the interstitial fluid. Thus the interstitial fluid is hypotonic to the blood.
Consequently,water with higher potential moves from the interstitial fluid medium into the blood by osmosis through the capillary endothelial. This raises the water potential of the blood, lowering the solute potential, thus making it hypotonic to the interstitial fluid; which is now hypertonic(lower water potential ,due to loss to the blood by osmosis).
Since the interstitial fluids is now hyper tonic to the surrounding cells, water moves from the hypo tonic surrounding cells through osmosis into the interstitial fluids. The sequence continues until a stable internal environment is achieved,
Answer:
The correct answer is option A. "cell fractionation to study the function of specific organelles".
Explanation:
Cell fractionation is a scientific process used to study the function of specific organelles, which main idea is to fractionate the cells but preserving the individual function of the elements of the cell. Usually, the separation takes place by a centrifugation method. This methodology was developed to identify the location of the organelles within the cells, but nowadays is used to study its functions.
Humans are more closely related to hogs than hogs are to guinea pigs.
Explanation:
The difference in the amino acid sequence of a protein is used to know the relation between organism i.e. how closely they are related.
It is known that proteins are the result of DNA sequence ie genes of the organism.
The gene or protein is compared between organisms to understand the evolutionary evidence and similarities between them.
The less is the difference the more is the two organisms closely related as in the case of hog and human which have only 1 amino acid difference in their insulin enzyme. While guinea pig is having a difference of 17 amino acids so it is expected to be distantly related.
These relations helps the scientist to resolve the issues of crisis say insulin. They zero out the possibility of extracting the enzyme genes of possible organism and increase the yield.
Answer:
Protein/enzyme synthesis
Explanation:
<em>The process of synthesis of protein in the cell is mainly responsible for the increase in the protein content of the cell.</em>
<em>The process which is also known as the translation process of gene expression takes place at the G1 and G2 phases of the interphase of the cell cycle.</em>
During protein synthesis, mRNA synthesized in the nucleus are transported to the cytoplasm and the genetic codes on the mRNA are translated into their respective amino acids linked together by polypeptide bonds. The protein are then folded in specific ways for specific enzymes.
Answer:
The correct answer is D; ATP hydrolysis inside mitochondria
Explanation:
Proteins imports brought into the matrix of mitochondria are normally taken up from the cytosol in practically less time after their discharge from ribosomes. Transportation of protein imports into the matrix is driven by energy which is supplied by:
- <u>ATP hydrolysis outside the mitochondra: </u>this occurs in the first step of translocation process. ATP hydrolysis drives the release of newly synthesized polypeptides from the hsp70 group of chaperone proteins.
- <u>an electrochemical proton gradient</u> across the inner mitochondrial membrane maintained by electron transport process in the inner membrane.
- <u>ATP hydrolysis in the matrix</u>: Hsp70 chaperone proteins in the matrix space likewise have a job in the translocation procedure, and they are the third point in the import procedure at which ATP is expended.
