Explanation:
A mutation is made once in every <u>10 billion</u> nucleotides copied.
During the process of cell division, spontaneous changes within the genome can arise. These mutations are errors occur when copies of the DNA within the cell are made; mutations may range from small changes called single nucleotide polymorphisms, to large scale deletions, and additions which span multiple genes.
Further Explanation:
During reproduction other events, such as crossing over during mitosis and meiosis, mutations lead to increases in genetic variation. This variation refers to the genetic characteristics present within a species. Mutations may be either beneficial or deleterious; they are maintained within cells, as they form new traits called alleles. Beneficial mutations may confer traits that increase the fitness of a species, along with ensuring survival by conferring a protective advantage- these phenotypic differences between organisms are called adaptations.
Sequences of DNA make up genes which can have different forms called alleles. DNA, which makes up the genotype, is transcribed into mRNA and later translated into amino acids which are linked together by rRNA to form proteins which make up the phenotype of an organism. Mutations in DNA sequences affect the corresponding mRNA and thus the protein encoded.
Learn more about mutations at brainly.com/question/4602376
Learn more about DNA and RNA at brainly.com/question/2416343?source=aid8411316
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Muskrats eat oak trees and if the oak tree had a disease and all of them died. then the muskrat would have to relie on someething else to eat because muskrats eat oak trees.
The answer is aneuploidy.
This means having an abnormal number of chromosomes
in a cell. MAD protein ensures that the spindle fibers
during metaphase of mitosis, attach properly.
The MAD protein inhibits progression to anaphase if this
process of spindle attachment is defective.
Answer:
Paleontologists may start their investigations by reading articles from the fossil record found in a specific region
Explanation:
Dina may examine the paleontological evidence that includes the study of the fossil record found in her hometown (or closest regions). Moreover, Dina may read research articles on the phylogeography of the species in this area, this information may also help to understand the past climatic conditions
Answer: Brainstem
Explanation:
The brain stem controls the flow of messages between the brain and rest of the body. There is no requirement of conscious mind for the basic functions of the body.
These functions are breathing, swallowing, heat rate, blood pressure. It takes place even when the person is sleepy, there is need to be awake.
These are the basic functions of the body which is required for the survival of organism.
