Answer:
Explanation:
because a proton gradient is necessary over the inner mitochondrial membrane during oxidative phosphorylation for ATP production, ATP production will decease if gramicidin is added because the inner mitochondrial membrane will become permeable and the protons will be able to move in and out, there will be no electrochemical gradient left to drive ATP production. Electron transport will not be altered because it is dependent on the availability of NADH and FADH2. proton pumping also will remain the same but it will be useless because the protons can go back and forth
F Enzyme Action and Changes<span> in pH. G The Effect of Temperature on Enzyme Populations. H How Enzyme Action Alters Temperature. J. The Effect of Temperature on Enzyme Action. 11 </span>Two parent butterflies<span> with </span>normal wings have offspring<span> with </span>altered wing shapes<span>. What </span>most likely caused<span> this</span>change<span>? A speciation.
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<span>By the late 1960s, scientists had developed the theory of plate tectonics based on a range of new evidence. Technological advances had helped reveal that the ocean floor was not essentially flat, as once assumed, but instead was marked by 50,000-kilometer-long (31,000-mile), 3,000-meter-high (9,800-ft) ridges and 11-kilometer-deep (7-mile) trenches. Scientists found striking patterns related to these features. They found that the youngest oceanic crust is located nearest the mid-ocean ridge and the oldest crust is nearest the trenches. They also detected a pattern of alternating magnetic polarity along the ocean floor, which emanated from the ridge tops. These two pieces of evidence, coupled with the fact that volcanic activity and island-building occurred most commonly at ocean trenches, suggested that new crust was created at mid-ocean ridges and destroyed at ocean trenches. Scientists Harry Hess and Robert Dietz used this evidence to revive and expand Holmes' convection theory into the theory they called "seafloor spreading." Finally, Wegener's notion of continental drift was coupled with a mechanism that could explain the movement of tectonic plates.</span>
<h2>Sugar beet harvest </h2>
Explanation:
Sugar beets have to be harvested and stockpiled in September because they have to get the root out of the ground before the ground freezes
- Sugar beets are harvested with two primary pieces of equipment
- The defoliator removes the green leaves and slices a slab from the top of the sugar beet root
- This removed slab is the growing point of the sugar beet and contains high levels of impurities, which impede the factories ability to extract the sugar from the remainder of the harvested root
- The sugar beet root is then harvested with a pinch wheel harvester, which pinches the root and lifts from the soil
- The sugar beet harvester also separates some soil and conveys the sugar beet into a truck to be transported to a receiving station
Answer:
a. Five-Carbon Sugar and Phosphate
Explanation:
A nucleotide can be defined as an organic molecule which forms the building block of nucleic acid such as deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA).
Basically, nucleotide comprises of the following parts;
1. Nitrogenous base: this includes adenine (A), thymine (T), guanine (G), and cytosine (C) which are mainly found in the DNA while adenine (A), guanine (G), uracil (U) and cytosine (C) are found in the RNA.
2. A phosphate group.
3. A penrose sugar: it is either deoxyribose in DNA or ribose in RNA.
The two parts or chemical components of a nucleotide which do not change throughout the structure of DNA are;
I. Five-Carbon Sugar also known as deoxyribose and it has hydrogen on its second carbon.
II. Phosphate: this is the structural backbone that provides support to DNA.
