Question

The effects of neurotransmitters tend to be ________, whereas the effects of hormones tend to be ________.

Answer 1

• The effect of neurotransmitters tends to be fast.

• The effects of hormones tend to be long-lasting.

Further Explanation:

The neurotransmitter diffuses to the other side of the cleft and attaches to the chemical proteins of the postsynaptic membrane to obtain graded potential. There are two types of neurotransmitter:

• Inhibitory neurotransmitter

• Excitatory neurotransmitter

The excitatory neurotransmitter promotes depolarization. The acetylcholine binds to its receptor proteins in the postsynaptic membrane. It causes the opening of ligand-gated ion channels within the membrane protein. The inhibitory neurotransmitter produces inhibitory postsynaptic potential (IPSP) that promotes the hyperpolarization of the cell. Hormones and neurotransmitters induce the opening of the ligand gate. The changes in permeability are measured as depolarization and hyperpolarization of the membrane potential.External stimuli or external neurotransmitter tends to fast reaction in the body toward that particular stimulus.  

Hormones are a chemical messenger of the body that passes into the bloodstream to organs or tissue. They help in promoting growth, development, metabolism, and reproduction. They show a long-lasting effect on the body.

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Answer Details:

Grade: High School

Subject: Biology

Chapter: Central Nervous System

Keywords:

Hormone, stimuli, excitatory, inhibitory, chemical messengers, metabolism, reproduction, development, promoting growth, membrane protein.

Answer 2

The effect of the neurotransmitters tends to be fast, as in a case of external stimuli, which leads to a quick reaction of the body, towards that stimulus.
The effect of a hormone, however, is long-lasting, where hormones actually are working on the metabolic or structural situations, which are going to have a long-lasting effect on the body.