Answer: This study examined children’s secret-keeping for a parent and its relationship to trust, theory of mind, secrecy endorsement, and executive functioning (EF). Children (N = 107) between 4 and 12 years of age participated in a procedure wherein parents broke a toy and asked children to promise secrecy. Responses to open-ended and direct questions were examined. Overall, secret-keeping increased with age and promising to keep the secret was related to fewer disclosures in open-ended questioning. Children who kept the secret in direct questioning exhibited greater trust and better parental ratings of EF than children who disclosed the secret. Findings highlight the importance of both social and cognitive factors in secret-keeping development.
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1. The cartoonist compares the windows of retail stores to the windows of web browsers.
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it is a fragment that can be completed by adding "at this time" at the end.
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The American society is composed of an ethnical mix, with members of many nations which blend into one unique American identity, while keeping their authenticity. This authenticity can be seen clearly in the cultural diversity. Just like any other identity, American is fluid over time. It changes and alters, in accordance with societal changes. Identities are not carved in stone. While we have every right to actively participate in the process of fashioning our identities, they still have a relative autonomy, and change over time. For example, if I am an Italian immigrant who lives in the U.S., I still have every right to claim my Italian cultural inheritance, but it doesn't make me less of an American. By living in America, I am adopting new cultural traits. My children will have their own perception of their cultural identity that doesn't have to be the same as mine.
