Innovation is the correct answer.
Robert Merton was an American sociologist who believed in the disjuntion between socially approved means to achieve cultural goals. So, he created five modes of combinations of goals and means, such as conformity, innovation, ritualism, retreating, and rebellion. He suggested that innovation was the one that could be associated with crime the most since it used unapproved (or unconventional) means to achieve goals or financial security. For instance, we find gangsters, drug dealers, thieves, and con artists in this category.
The answer is traffic flow.
An ordinary hindering traffic law says: No individual should drive upon an interstate at such an ease back speed as to obstruct or hinder the typical and sensible development of the movement, aside from when decreased speed is essential for a safe task, on account of a review, or consistence with the law.
The correct answer is D, Amount of sunshine.
Indeed, fertilizer may or may not increase yields depending on many complex factors such as humidity, dryness, chemical balance, method of dispersion etc. However, it is an established biological principle that plants fare better with sunlight and in the absence of sunlight they yield less produce, whether they are fertilized or not.
Hierarchical diffusion example is a brand of sunglasses becoming popular after a soccer star is seen wearing them.