Answer:
a) Sales volume variance = $1496000 unfavorable
flexible-budget variance = $192000 favorable
b) For direct materials
Price variance = `$135000 unfavorable
efficiency variances = $527920 favorable
For direct manufacturing labor
Price variance = `$36600 unfavorable
efficiency variances = $914815 favorable
Explanation:
a) Sales volume variance = (Actual units sold - Budgeted units sold) x Budgeted price per unit = (4800 - 7000) × $680 = $1496000 unfavorable
flexible-budget variance = (Actual price - Budgeted price) x Actual units sold= ($720 - $680) × 4800 = $192000 favorable
b) For direct materials
Price variance = (Actual cost - standard cost) x Actual quantity of units purchased = ($5.95/ pound - $8/pound) × 66000 pound= `$135000 unfavorable
efficiency variances = (Actual unit - Standard unit) x Standard cost per unit = (66000 pound - 10 pound) × $8 per pound= $527920 favorable
For direct manufacturing labor
Price variance = (Actual cost - standard cost) x Actual hours = ($48/hour - $50/hour) × 18300 hours = `$36600 unfavorable
efficiency variances = (Actual hours - Standard hours) x Standard cost per hour= (18300 hour - 3.7 hour) × $50/hour = $914815 favorable
Answer:
1. fixed and indirect
2. variable and direct
3. variable and direct
4. fixed and indirect
5. fixed and indirect
6. variable and direct
Explanation:
<u>Fixed and variable costs</u>
A fixed cost is expected to be constant for a short term period whilst a variable cost is expected to vary in direct proportion to the number of units produced in this case it is the individual classes.
Depreciation expense on classroom building and on computers is a fixed cost that is expected to remain constant and the instructor wage varies with the number of classes thus a variable cost.
<u>Direct and Indirect costs</u>
A direct cost can be directly traced to the cost object by observation whist the indirect cost can not be directly traced on a cost object.
The instructors wage is a direct cost, his effort is seen with the success of the classes whist the depreciation expenses are indirect costs.
37.5%
Formula:
.15/.40=0.375
Convert decimal to %= .375*100 = 37.5%
Two constraints to maximizing profit are cost of production and consumer demand.
Consumer demand is essential for revenue. Competition and budget can affect demand and put constraints to profit maximization. Cost of production can constraint profits maximization too because the higher the cost of raw material, the higher the cost of production will be, which in turn will affect the price of the product. This increase in price can also affect the demand.
The answer is then D.
