Oxygen is a small molecule and it's nonpolar, so it easily passes through a cell membrane. Carbon dioxide, the byproduct of cell respiration, is small enough to readily diffuse out of a cell. Small uncharged lipid molecules can pass through the lipid innards of the membrane.
Hello,
Chemical weathering can be considered by the "rusting of rock".
Weathering can be described of the breaking down of rocks and other materials on the Earth's surface. There are three types of weathering: mechanical, chemical, and biological. Mechanical weathering is the type of weathering in which rock is physically broken into smaller pieces. Chemical weathering is the type of weathering in which chemical changes break down rock. Biological weathering is the type of weathering in which animal, plant, and microbes means weaken and or disintegrate rock.
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A. they prevent soil erosion
because they cover the soil (thus the name) to keep wind or water from washing away the soil.
Gouges made by ice sheets are erosion.