Question

Recent advances in genome sequencing technology facilitate whole-genome sequencing of nonmodel organisms. select the scientific questions that a geneticist can answer with the whole-genome sequence of a single individual of a nonmodel organism.

Answer 1

The answer is;

How are the organisms related?

What are molecular-level changes that are associated with human disease?

 

The former applies in the field of evolutionary biology while the latter in the field of medicine and molecular biology. Another application of the whole genome sequencing technology is in forensics (paternity testing and DNA matching and profiling). Also, metagenomics that enables researchers to determine which types of microbes may be present in a particular biome.

Answer 2

Whole genome sequencing represents the determination of the complete DNA sequence of an organism’s genome at a single time, which entails chromosomal DNA as well as DNA contained in mitochondria and chloroplasts. Whole genome sequencing provides a powerful tool for both de novo sequencing and re-sequencing. De novo sequencing refers to sequencing of a novel genome without reference sequence available. The coverage quality of de novo assembly depends on the size and continuity of the contigs. De novo sequencing generates the first genome map for a species, thus providing a valuable reference sequence for re-sequencing. Oxford Nanopore and PacBio sequencing systems enable a faster and more accurate characterization of any species at the nucleotide level.

Whole genome resequencing can identify DNA biomarkers such as single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs), insertions and deletions (indels), structure variations (SVs), copy number variations (CNVs) and other genetic changes of the sequenced species with high accuracy. It also provides an unprecedented opportunity for characterizing the polymorphic variants in a population, which comprehensively unravels the underlying mechanisms of species origin, development, growth, and evolution. What’s more, whole genome re-sequencing is an indispensable part of genome-wide association study (GWAS), where common genetic variants in different individuals are assessed to determine if a variant is associated with a particular phenotype. GWAS can be broadly used in food safety, agriculture, and pharmacy, especially the personalized medicine. If you want to know more about WGS,  https://www.cd-genomics.com/Whole-Genome-Sequencing.html

is a good choice.