I think it's A. Allusion. By using allusion, you refer to other people, places, or things. Terza Rima is a rhyming scheme, I believe. contrapasso is a belief that the punishment should fit the sin. Anaphora is the act of replacing a word in a sentence to avoid repetition. So I believe that A. Allusion would be the right choice :)
I think D is the correct answer. Hope this helps :)
Answer:
because of natural gas prices
You are correct - it is the first one. Remember that a dependant clause is a part of sentence that cannot be its own. Can "After I walked the dog," be a complete sentence? The other ones are complex and simple.