Firstly, start by doing Punnett squares for each of the characteristics. Attached are the three Punnet squares, made by me, as they should look in end.
For each of the Punnet squares, one characteristic each, we find that half of the offspring will be heterozygous for that characteristic.
Therefore, according to the product rule, you should now multiply the quantity of heterozygous for each characteristic and then obtain the total part of the offspring that's fully heterozygous.
Ss×
Ll×
Rr=
SsLlRr
Total offspring×
=10
There is 10 plants in the total offspring that are heterozygous for all the considered three genes.
I) Locus- the chromosomal site where a specific gene is located. A locus is a fixed position on a chromosome, like the position of a gene or a marker. Each chromosome carries ,many genes; human's estimated haploid (n) protein coding genes are about 20,000, on the 23 different chromosomes.
ii) Interference; the observed double crossover frequency differs from the expected double crossover frequency. Cross over interference is used to refer to the non-random placement of crossovers with respect to each other during meiosis. It results in widely spaced crossovers along chromosomes. Interference may exert its effect across whole chromosomes. As chromosomes in many eukaryotes are large, interference must be able to act over megabase lengths of DNA.
iii) Linkage- the tendency for genes located in close proximity on the same chromosome to be inherited together. Normally when two genes are close together on the same chromosome, they do not assort independently and are said to be linked. Whereas genes located on different chromosomes assort independently and have a recombination frequency of 50%, linked genes have a recombination frequency that is less than 50%.
iv) Recombination- the process by which a new pattern of alleles on a chromosome is generated. Genetic recombination is the production of offspring with combinations f traits that differ from those found in either parent. During meiosis in eukaryotes, genetic recombination involves the pairing of homologous chromosomes. This may be followed by information transfer between the chromosomes.
There is a difference in color between the reactants and the product. Also, a gas and a solid bread loaf were produced, compared to the liquid or powder forms of the reactants.
Answer:1. They allow the movement of molecules from one cell to another, enabling communication between cells.
Explanation:the cell wall is a rigid and cellulose containing wall, which surrounds the plasma membrane.
During lignification, small pores appear on the cell wall through which cytoplasmic strands extend.these pores are the plasmodesmata,which provides connections between plant cells
