Question: Jezelyn needs to create a project that shows reproductive isolation in action and decides to make a video. Which of the following would make the best project?
a video that shows a large river that has penguin populations on both sides
a video that shows penguin species that have different mating dances a video that shows
a penguin that is laying eggs a video that shows penguins in a tidal pool and an open ocean
Answer:
The right option is a video that shows penguin species that have different mating dances.
Explanation:
Reproductive isolation is the inability of animals of closely-related species to interbreed with one another successfully as a result of various differences which can be ecological, behavioral, psychological, or genetic. From the question given above, the difference in the mating dances of the penguin species will not allow the animals to unite and mate. This condition describes reproductive isolation. Reproductive isolation is caused by mating differences, sterility or environmental barriers that eventually lead to the adaptive splitting into two species. However, reproductive isolation is not sufficient but internal barriers to gene flow are required for speciation to evolve.
Answer:
The correct answer is option C) phagocytosis in the inflammatory response.
Explanation:
Our body has an immune response mechanism for when we get hurt or when<u> it feels that something outside our body wants to harm us</u>, so its automatic reaction is to defend against all those bacteria and viruses that want to attack us.
The system is responsible for <u>identifying the antigens and destroying them.</u> The antigens are all bacteria, harmful viruses and dead substances that are found on the cells. Our system has its own proteins that are HLA antigens. But as these are normal for the body, it does not counterattack them.
There are <u>several defense mechanisms that work as barriers</u> to prohibit the passage of any bacteria that harm us, and one of these mechanisms is inflammation.
In this case, when our body suffers some kind of injury from a bacterium, a cut or a blow, the damaged cells release substances that spill onto the tissue through the blood vessels, causing inflammation.
This allows the foreign substance to be “locked up” and cannot enter the body.
These spilled substances also attract white blood cells, which are called phagocytes which<u> are responsible for eating dead germs and cells</u> through the phagocytosis process.
Answer:
Malignant melanoma cells would have active telomerases that constantly replenish and lengthen telomeres.
Explanation:
Telomerase can be described as enzymes which add the repetitive sequences called telomeres at the end of a chromosome. Telomeres can be described as repetitive sequences at the end of the chromosome which are involved in protecting the chromosome from any damage.
In a normal skin cell, the telomeres will shorten with time. But in a malignant skin cell, the telomerase will add the repetitive sequence again and again. The telomers will not be able to shorten.
Answer:
The correct answer is -
1. hyaline cartilage
2. fibrocartilage
3. hyaline cartilage
Explanation:
1. The hyaline cartilage covers the articular cartilage of the synovial joint that is translucent or clear as glass-like cartilage that has a firm consistency and a high amount of collagen.
2. A symphysis is an amphiarthrotic joint which is a fibrocartilagenous joint that joins with the adjacent bone. This is a very tough or strong tissue.
3. The growth plate of the long bone or epiphyseal plates are examples of synchondrosis,which is a hyaline cartilage composed tissue.
Answer:
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
Explanation:
Epileptic seizures are induced by a preponderance of electrical activity within the network of neurons in the brain. Synapsis is the meeting point between the axon of one neuron and the dendrite of another neuron. Electrical signals don't cross through the synapsis, instead, they are conveyed in a chemical form by neurotransmitters.
The neurotransmitters convey messages across the synapsis in a chemical form until they find to the receptor of the dendrite of the receiving neuron. Neurotransmitters can either be excitatory or inhibitory in function i.e. the receiving neuron can either be stimulated to action or inhibited from action. The main excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters in the brain are Glutamate and Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) respectively.
There must be a balance between excitation and inhibition of neurons, in order to ascertain the optimal functioning of the brain. Too much Glutamate or too little of GABA can make neurons hyperexcitable and hyperexcitability of neurons makes the brain susceptible to seizures.
