Motivation is the reason for people's actions, desires, and needs. Motivation is also one's direction to behavior, or what causes a person to want to repeat a behavior.[1] A motive is what prompts the person to act in a certain way, or at least develop an inclination for specific behavior.[2]
According to Maehr and Meyer, "Motivation is a word that is part of the popular culture as few other psychological concepts are."[3]
Types of theories and models:- Motivation theories can be classified on a number of bases:
<span><span>Natural vs. Rational: based on whether the underlying theory of human cognition is based on natural forces (drives, needs, desires) or some kind of rationality (instrumentality, meaningfulness, self-identity).</span><span>Content vs. Process: based on whether the focus is on the content ("what") motivates vs process ("how") motivation takes place.</span></span>
Motivation as a desire to perform an action is usually defined as having two parts, directional such as directed towards a positive stimulus or away from a negative one, as well as the activated "seeking phase" and consummatory "liking phase". This type of motivation has neurobiological roots in the basal ganglia, and mesolimbic dopaminergic pathways. Activated "seeking" behavior, such as locomotor activity, is influenced by dopaminergic drugs, and microdialysis experiments reveal that dopamine is released during the anticipation of a reward.[4] The "wanting behavior" associated with a rewarding stimulus can be increased by microinjections of dopamine and dopaminergic drugs in the dorsorostral nucleus accumbens and posterior ventral palladium. Opioid injections in this area produce pleasure, however outside of these hedonic hotspots they create an increased desire.[5] Furthermore, depletion or inhibition of dopamine in neurons of the nucleus accumbens decreases appetitive but not consummatory behavior. Dopamine is further implicated in motivation as administration of amphetamine increased the break point in a progressive ratio self-reinforcement schedule. That is, subjects were willing to go to greater lengths (e.g. press a lever more times) to obtain a reward.[6]
<span>Psychological theories<span>[edit<span>]</span></span></span>
Answer:
Noise
Explanation:
Noise refers to anything that disrupts or affects the process of communication between a speaker and a listener/listeners. Noise can be either external (a physical sound), or internal (a disturbance in the mind).
There are 4 types of noise:
- Physiological noise: it originates because a person is hungry, tired, has a headache, is taking medication, or there is some other factor that influences his/her perceptions.
- Physical noise: it comes from the environment, like the noises people make, extreme temperatures, and places with many people.
- Psychological noise: it indicates that a person has some qualities that influence the way he/she communicates and understands what other people say.
- Semantic noise: it takes place when there is a problem of comprehension of words between two or more people.
Answer:
Information
Explanation:
The information function of communication (in an organization) refers to the act of providing data and information so that employees can effectively complete their job.
These information is given so that employees are aware of the rules and procedures of an organization and what it's expected from them when doing their job. Another goal of this function is to eliminate job uncertainty since workers will be fully informed of what's going on.
In this example, the employees of the team are apprehensive about the structure and dynamics of how they will function as a group. So the manager will hold a meeting to provide them some additional training that might work well for the team.
The manager will give i<u>nformation to the employees so they can work better as a team (rules and procedures by providing them extra training) and this will also help diminish the uncertainty and apprehension</u> they are feeling about their functions as a group.
Thus, this is an example of the information function of communication.
The answer is because these areas of Africa were separated by the Sahara Desert
All depends on the store you are getting it from, ask for their size guide/chart and check
