According to Cloward and Ohlin's theory, there are three subcultures juveniles may enter:
Criminal subcultures
Conflict subcultures
Retreatist subcultures
Criminal subcultures gear towards organized crimes, where they commit criminal acts to climb the social ladder in the criminal world and are rewarded through financial means.
Conflict subcultures on the other hand tend to do less serious crimes, but instead use violence as a way to gain respect.
Retreatist subcultures turn to drugs and alcohol, seeing themselves as rejects.
With that, the answer would be Conflict subcultures or a conflict gang.
The economic term is the opportunity cost.
The concept of opportunity cost is a relatively inexpensive and relative measure that involves people's preferences, so it varies from person to person. It is a question of comparing what is left over when making a decision.
In Katie's case, the opportunity cost of the money she saves to buy a car is what she fails to do with that money. For example, she stops investing in stocks, fails to make a trip, etc.
All decisions involve an opportunity cost. Taking another example, the opportunity cost of studying for the test at the end of the week is measured by the loss of leisure you would have. However, the decision to study for the test is chosen because it is more valuable.
I believe the answer is: dependent variable
dependent variable refers To the variable that is influenced by other variables. In the example above, by receiving the treatment (which is an independent variable) , the condition of the group would somehow changed/influenced. this is why they are considered to be a dependent variable.
Mrs. Pedersen is likely to engage of being more active,
sociable, alert and healthier because they engage on having to do daily
activities and making decision about their lives in means of having to give
them the freedom to do whatever they want.
